In which layer does a bridge operate?

A bridge operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer, and it provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities. A bridge specifically functions to connect two or more network segments, allowing for traffic to be filtered and managed more effectively within a local area network (LAN).

By making decisions based on MAC addresses, a bridge can determine whether to forward or filter packets between segments, enhancing network performance and reducing traffic. This operation at the Data Link Layer enables bridges to effectively manage communication and ensure reliable data transmission without involving the higher layers of the OSI model, such as the Network or Application layers, which handle routing and user applications respectively.